Franz Kafka was born on July 3, 1883, in Prague, which was then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He came from a middle-class Jewish family and grew up speaking German, the language in which he would write all of his major works. Kafka studied law at the German University in Prague and spent much of his adult life working in insurance, writing in the evenings and at night.

Kafka's literary work is marked by a deep sense of alienation, anxiety, and absurdity. His characters often find themselves trapped in incomprehensible systems or facing bizarre, dreamlike situations that reflect the struggles of modern existence. His unique style gave rise to the term "Kafkaesque", used to describe nightmarish scenarios involving oppressive bureaucracy and helplessness.

His most famous works include The Metamorphosis (1915), in which the protagonist wakes up transformed into a giant insect, The Trial (published posthumously in 1925), and The Castle (published in 1926). These works explore themes such as existential dread, isolation, guilt, and the struggle for meaning in an indifferent world.

Kafka was plagued by health problems and died of tuberculosis on June 3, 1924, at the age of 40. Before his death, he instructed his friend Max Brod to destroy all his unpublished manuscripts. Fortunately, Brod ignored this request and ensured their publication, securing Kafka's place as one of the most important and influential writers of the 20th century.

Kafka's legacy continues to resonate today, and his work remains essential reading for anyone interested in modern literature, philosophy, and the human condition.